Lock



Oct. 24, 1950 G. E. swANsoN 2,527,036

Lock

Filed oct. 1K5, 194e .s sneek-sheet 1 ggg-wa 20 I4 2?- BY Afa oct. 24,1950 G. E. SWANSQN 2,527,086

Locx

Filed ont. 15, 194e v s sheets-sheet 2 umu Y G. E. SWANSON LOCK 3ShetsfSheet 5 Filed Oct. 15, 1946 IN V EN TOR.

Patented Oct. 24, 1950 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE LOCK `(runnar E.Swanson, New Britain, Conn.

Application October 15, 1946, Serial No. 703,327

(Cl. Y-38) 18 Claims.

The invention may be embodied in locks of various types, but as to someof its aspects'the invention is more particularly applicable topadlocks.

It has been the usual prior practice to retain various portions of alock within the casing thereof by means of screws or pins insertedthrough holes formed in the casing. This has not only been expensive,but in most locks it has involved the exterior exposure of the end ofthe screw or pin with a resultant unsightly appearance and with thepossibility of unauthorized removal of the screw or pin. Furthermore,the insertion of a screw or pin through an exterior hole makes itimpossible to complete the plating and finishing of the exterior of thelock casing prior to assembly.

One of the objects of the present invention is to provide an improvedmeans for eliminating any screw or pin exposed at the exterior surfaceof the casing and used for retaining interior parts in assembledpositions. This precludes unauthorized disassembly and makes it possibleto complete the plating and finishing of the exposed areas of the casingprior to the assembly of the interior parts. This object of theinvention is attained by providing one of the portions of a lock,ordinarily the casing, with an integral bendable lug, this lug beingbent after initial assembly to a position in which disassembly isprevented.

A further and more specific object of the invention is to provide apadlock having bendable lugs as above set forth, such lugs beingparticularly advantageous in a padlock as will hereinafter be fullyexplained.

A further object of the invention is to provide padlocks incorporatingthe bendable lugs and having certain other advantageous features.

Other objects of the invention will be apparent from the drawings andfrom the following specification and claims.

In the drawings have shown in detail several embodiments of theinvention and several ways of practicing the method of the invention,but it 'will be understood that various changes may be made from theconstructions and method steps shown, and that the drawings are not tobe construed as defining or limiting the scope of the invention, theclaims forming a part of this specication being relied upon for thatpurpose.

Of the drawings,

Fig. 1 is an outer end view of the casing of a lock embodying theinvention, this view showing the casing prior to the assembly of otherparts 2 therewith and prior to the bending of certain bendable lugs.

Fig. 2 is alongitudinal sectional view taken along the line 2 2 of Fig.1.

Fig. 3 is an inner end View.

Fig. 4 is a transverse sectional view taken along the line 4 4 of Fig.2.

Fig. 5 is a longitudinal sectional new taken along the line 5 5 of Fig.2.

Fig. 6 is a longitudinal sectional View taken along the line 6 6 of Fig.2.

Fig. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view also taken along the line 6 5 ofFig. 2 but looking in the opposite direction.

Fig. 8 is a transverse sectional view taken along the line 8 8 of Fig. 9and showing an assembled lock embodying the invention, the parts beingin locking positions.

Fig. 9 is a longitudinal sectional View take along the line 9 9 of Fig.8.

Fig. 10 is a transverse sectional View taken along the line {D I ofvFig.9.

Fig. 11 is a fragmentary view similar to Fig. 8 and taken along the'lineIl ll of Fig. 12, the parts being in unlocking positions.

Fig. 12 is a longitudinal sectional view taken chiefly along the line |2|2 of Fig. 13 but with the central portion thereof taken along the lineI221 l2a of Fig. 13.

Fig. 13 is a fragmentary transverse sectional View taken along the line13 13 of Fig. 12.

Fig. 14 is a fragmentary transverse sectional vieu/'taken along the lineM lli of Fig. 15.

Fig. 15 is -a longitudinal sectional view taken along the line |5-l5 ofFig. 9 and along the line |5-l 5 of Fig. 16.

Fig. 16 is a transverse sectional View taken along the line iB l of Fig.15.

Fig. 17 is a fragmentary transverse sectional view of an alternativelock embodying the in vention, this View being taken along the line I'.'l'l of Fig. 19 and showing the parts in locking positions. v

Fig. 18 is a longitudinal view in which the casing is shown in sectionalong the line I3 !8 of Fig. 17 and in which the other parts are shownin elevation.

Fig. 19 is a view similar to Fig. 18 but with additional parts shown insection.

Fig. 20 is a View similar to Fig. 17 but showing the parts in unlockingpositions, this view being taken along the line 9 29 of Fig. 23.

Fig. 2l is aira'gmentary transverse sectional View taken valong theAline 2 I Zl of Fig. 23.

Fig. 22 is a fragmentary transverse sectional view taken along the line22-22 of Fig. 23.

Fig. 23 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along the line 23-23 ofFig. 20.

Fig. 24 is a fragmentary transverse sectional view of -anotheralternative lock embodying the invention, this View being taken alongthe line 24-24 of Fig. 26 and showing the parts in locking positions.

Fig. 25 is a longitudinal view in which the casing is shown in sectionalong the line 25-25 of Fig. 24 and in which the other parts are shownin elevation.

Fig. 26 is a view similar to Fig. 25 but with additional parts shown insection.

Fig. 27 is a fragmentary transverse sectional view taken along the line21--21 of Fig. 30.

Fig. 28 is a transverse sectional view taken along the line 28-28 ofFig. 30.

Fig. 29 is a fragmentary transverse sectional view taken along the line29-29 of Fig. 30.

Fig. 30 is a longitudinal sectional View taken along the line 30--30 ofFig. 25 and along the line 311-30 of Fig. 29.

Fig. 31 is a fragmentary transverse sectional view similar to Fig. 27and taken along the line 3I-3I of Fig. 34, this view showing the partsin unlocking positions.

Fig. 32 is a fragmentary transverse sectional view similar to Fig. 28and taken along the line 32-32 of Fig. 34.

Fig. 33 is a fragmentary transverse sectional view similar to Fig. 29and taken along the line 33-33 of Fig. 34.

Fig. 34 is a longitudinal sectional view similar to Fig. 30 but showingthe parts in unlocking positions, this view being taken along the line34- 34 of Fig. 33. A

Fig. 35 is a transversel sectional view taken along the line 35-35 ofFig. 37 and showing another alternative lock embodying the invention,the bendable lugs being in their initial positions.

Fig. 36 is a view similar to Fig. 35 but showing the bendable lugs intheir final positions.

Fig. 37 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along the line 31--31 ofFig. 36.

Fig. 38 is a transverse sectional view through another lock embodyingthe invention, this section being taken along the line 38-38 of Fig. 39.

Fig. 39 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along the line 3.9-39 ofFig. 38.

Fig. 40 is a longitudinal sectional View taken along the line 49-'40 ofFig. 38.

Fig. 41 is a longitudinal sectional view through another lock embodyingthe invention.

Fig. 42 is an end view of another lock embodying the invention, thisview showing the bendable lug in its initial position.

Fig. 43 is a fragmentary longitudinal sectional view taken along theline 43-43 of Fig. 42.

Fig. 44 is a view similar to Fig. 43 but showing the bendable lug in itsnal position.

Fig. 45 is an end view of another lock ernbodying the invention, thisview showing the bendable lug in its initial position.

Fig. 46 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along the line 46-46 ofFig. 45.

Fig. 47 is a view similar to Fig. 46 but showing the bendable lug in itsnal position.

Figs. 1 to 16 show a padlock incorporating the invention, but theinvention as to some of its aspects is not limited to a lock of thisparticular type. The lock shown in Figs. 1 to 16 is in some respectssimilar to that shown in my patent for Locking and Unlocking Mechanismfor Cylindrical Locks, No. 2,444,542, dated July 6, 1948. In the lock asshown, IIJ is the main body or casing, this being shown in Figs. l to 7in the form in which it is originally made prior to the assembly of theother lock elements therewith. The casing I0 as shown may advantageouslybe a unitary one-piece die casting.

The casing I0 is provided with an opening o1' hole I2 open at the innerend and closed at the outer end, this opening or hole being yadapted forreceiving the hinge leg of the U-shaped shackle of the padlock. Thecasing I0 is also provided with a generally cylindrical recess oropening I4 adapted for receiving the cylinder of the lock. The casing isfurther provided with a hole I6 which partly intersects the opening I4and which is adapted for receiving the locking leg of the shackle.

Adjacent the opening or hole I2 the casing I5 is provided with abendable lug I8. This lug may be integral with the main body of thecasing and as shown it is positioned between the opening or hole I2 anda diagonal hole 20 which communicates with the opening I4. There is alsoprovided a lug 22 at the intersection between the hole 20 and theopening I4, and a notch 24 is provided at one side of the lug 22 as moreclearly shown in Fig. 6. The casing is also provided with a bendable lug26 which is initially adjacent the opening I4 and in the inner portionof the hole I6. The lug 2B may also be integral with the main body ofthe casing. The generally cylindrical opening I4 is provided at itsouter end with a countersink 28. Formed in the opening I 4 is alongitudinal groove 30 adapted to receive the tumblers of the cylinderwhen the cylinder is in locking position. The opening I4 is furtherprovided with longitudinal grooves 32 and 34 adapted to receive thetumblers of the cylinder when in unlocking position. As viewed in Fig.1, the groove 32 has an inclined or beveled side at the top and thegroove 34 has an inclined or beveled side at the bottom.

It will be understood that the entire casing, including the describedopenings, holes, grooves and lugs, may advantageously be initiallyformed by die casting, Figs. 1 to 7 showing the said casing as itappears as the result of the die casting operation.

In assembling the lock, a U-shaped shackle 36 is first put in place, asshown in Figure 9, with the hinge leg thereof entering in the opening orhole I2. The hinge leg of the shackle is sometimes hereinafter referredto as a lock structure. A shackle spring 31 of conventional form isprovided between the end of the shackle leg and the bottom of theopening or hole I2. The hinge leg of the shackle is provided with anannular recess providing an annular shoulder 38. After the shackle is inplace, a suitable tool, not shown, is inserted through the hole 20 tobend the lug upwardly into the opening or hole I2 and into the recess inthe hinge portion of the shackle, the lug after bending occupying theposition shown in Figs. 9 and l0. With the lug I8 bent as described, itis in position to engage the shoulder 38 and to prevent removal of theshackle. The relationship of the parts is such that the shackle can bemoved endwise suiciently to effect locking and unlocking as hereinafterdescribed. It Will be seen that the provision of the bendable lug I8avoids the necessity for providing any subsequently inserted element,such as a screw or pin, for holding the shackle and it avoids thenecessity for providing any separate hole extending to the outside ofthe casing for receiving such a subsequently inserted element.

After the shackle has been put in place and after the lug I8 has beenbent as described, a cylinder 40 is inserted in the cylinder opening i4.The cylinder has an annular flange 42 which enters the countersink 28.The cylinderisso'metimes hereinafter referred to as ak lock structure.Thecylinder is provided with a conventional key slot and withconventional springpressed tumblers 44 adapted to enter the lockinggroove 36 when the cylinder is in locking position as shown in Figs. 8,9 and 10, and adapted to enter the grooves 32 and 34 when the cylinderis in unlocking positionas shown in Figs. 11, 12 and 13. The provisionof the groove 34 makes it possible for the key tobe removed when thecylinder is in unlocking position.

The cylinder 46 is provided at one side with a circumferentiallyextending .notch providing a circumferentially extending shoulder 46which is adjacent the end of the bendable lug 26. When the cylinder hasbeen put in place a suitable'tool, not shown, is inserted through thehole I6 to bend the lug 26 inwardly into the said 'notch in the cylinderso as to be in position to engage'the shoulder 45 and prevent removal ofthe cylinder. Thus the cylinder is permanently retained in place withoutthe necessity for any subsequently inserted element, such as a screw orpin, for retaining it and without the necessity for providing any holeextending to the interior of the casing for receiving such asubsequently inserted element.

The lugs I8 and`26 are located entirely within the interior of thecasing I and areinaccessible for any possible rebending after they havebeen bent into positions to engage the shoulders 38 and 46. Lugs solocated will lbe sometimes herein referred to as interior lugs.

The locking leg of the shackle 36 is provided with a conventional notch48, and when the cylinder 46 is in its locking position, as shown inFigs. 8, 9 and 10, a catch 50 on the cylinder enters the said notch 48to effect locking.

The cylinder 40 is provided with spring means for biasing it rotativelyand Vlongitudinally and a single spring may advantageously be providedfor this purpose. The cylinder 40 is provided with an interior recess 52in which is positioned a coil spring 54. One end of the spring 54engages the edge of the cylinder recess, as shown in Fig. 14, and theother end of the spring extends through the notch 24 and around the lug22 as shown in Figs. 10 and 14. The spring 54 is so tensioned that ittends to rotate the cylinder 46 in the counterclockwise direction, asviewed in Figs. 8, 11 and 14, and is also so tensioned that it tends tomove the cylinder 40 outwardly to the extent permitted by the lug 26.

The aforesaid shoulder 46 on the cylinder 46 is provided with aninclined offset 56, as shown in Figs. 9 and 12. When the parts are inunlocking position, as shown in Figs. 11, 12 and 13, the lug 26 isengaged with the inclined offset 56, and inasmuch as the spring 54biases the cylinder outwardly the said engagement between the offset -6and the lug 26 serves to prevent rotative movement of the cylinder bythe said spring 54.

The cylinder 46 is provided at its inner end with a recess 58 having aninclined surface 6l). The inclined surface 66 is adapted to be engagedby the inner end of the locking leg of the'shackle 36 when the shackleis moved inwardly from the position shown in Fig. 12. `Such engagement4causes the cylinder to turn in the counterclockwise direction, asviewed in Fig. 11, or in the clockwise direction, as viewed in Fig. 13.This rotative movement'of the cylinder releases the offset 56 .from thelug 26 `and as soon as this release has been eifected, movement of thecylinder in the last-said direction is continued by the bias of thespring 54, this rotative movement being continued until the catch 56 onthe cylindery 40 enters the notch 48 in the locking leg of the shackle36, as shownin Fig. 9 and asals'o shown in Figs. 15 and 16. When thecylinder moves from the unlocking position shown in Figs. 11 and 12 tothe locking position shown in Figs'. 8 and 9, theturnblers 44 arecammed'out of the groove 34 by the inclined side thereof and are thenprojected by their springs into the locking groove 36. It will beunderstood that locking can be 'zeiected as described without insertingthe key.

To effect unlocking, a key is inserted in the key slot in the cylinderand the tumblers 44 are aligned, the cylinder then being turned bythekey in the clockwise direction from the locking position shown in Fig.8v to the unlocking position shown in Fig. 11. This restores the offset56 to its engagement with the lug 26 and the cylinder is again held inits unlocking position as already described. As soon as the catch 56 onthe cylinder passes out of the notch 48 in the shackle, the shackle islpushed outward by means of the shackle spring 3l. The key can then bewithdrawn, this being possible by reason of the groove 34 for thetumblers 44.

Figs. 17 to 23 show an alternative padlockI incorporating the invention,this lock being in manyrespects similar to that shown in Figs. 1 to 16.The upper portion of the padlock is or may be exactly the same as shownin Figs. l to 16 and this portion has therefore been omitted from Figs.17 to 23. The casing 62 may be identical in construction with the:casing lll already described except that the countersink 54 in thecylinder opening is shallower. The shackle 56 maybe identical inconstruction with the shackle 36 already described.

A. cylinder 68 is provided which is in many respects similar to thecylinder 46 already described but it is of such length that no endwisemovement thereof is permitted. The cylinder is sometimes hereinafterreferred to as a lock structure. The cylinder is held in place in thecasing by means` of a bendable lug 'i6 similar to the lug 243, this lugextending into a notch in the cylinder having a shoulder 12. rllhisshoulder is similar in function to the shoulder'46 but differs therefromin that it is not provided with any offset such as the offset 516. Thetumblers and the grooves in the cylinder recess for receiving them mayvbe identical with those already described and further description isunnecessary. v

The locking leg of the shackle is provided witha notch 14 similar to thenotch 46 and when the cylinder 68 is in its locking position, 'as-shownin Figs. 17 to 19, a `catch 16 on the cylinder enters the said notch toeffect locking.

l The cylinder 68 is provided with an interior recess 18 in which ispositioned a coil spring 86.

One end of the spring engages the edge vvof the cylinder recess, asshown in Fig. 21, and the other end of the spring extendsaround a lug`82 on the casing-similar to the lug I8. The spring is so tensioned thatvit tends to rotate the cylinder 68 in the -counterclockwise directionbutit diiers from the springv 54 in that it is not tensioned to move thecylinder longitudinally.

' The cylinder 68 is provided with a springpressed ball or detent 84which is adapted to be entered in a recess 86 in the Wall of thecylinder opening when the parts are in unlocking positions as shown inFigs. 20 to 23. This'detent serves in cooperation with the recess tohold the cylinder in the unlocking position, notwithstanding thebefore-described tendency of the spring 80 to rotate the cylinder.

The cylinder 68 is provided at its inner en'd with a recess 88 similarto the recess 58 and similarly provided with an inclined surface. Theinclined surface of the recess 88 is adapted to be engaged by the innerend of the locking leg of the'sh'ackle 66 when the shackle is movedinwardly from the position shown in Fig. 23. Such engagement causes thecylinder to turn in the counterclockwise direction and as soon as thecylinder has turned sufficiently to force the detent 84 out of therecess 86, movement of the cylinder in the last said direction iscontinued by the bias of the spring 80, this rotative movement beingcontinued until the catch 16 on the cylinderV 68 enters the notch 14 inthe locking leg of the shackle 66, as shown in Figs. 18 and 19; When thecylinder moves from the unlocking position shown in Figs. 20 to 23 thetumblers are cammed out of the groove in the cylinder recess by theinclined side thereof and are then projected by their springs into thelocking groove in the cylinder recess, this action being the same asthat already described in connection with Figs. 1 to 16. It will beunderstood that locking can be effected as described Without insertingthe key. l

To effect unlocking, a key is inserted in the key slot in the cylinderand the tumblers are Withdrawn, the cylinder then being turned by thekey in the clockwise direction from the position shown in Figs. 17 to 19to the position shown in Figs. 2O to 23. This restores the detent 84 tothe recess 86 and the cylinder is again held in its unlocked position asalready described. As soon as the catch 16 on the cylinder passes out ofthe notch I4 in the shackle, the shackle is pushed outward by means ofthe shackle spring.

The key can then be withdrawn, this being possible by reason of thedescribed groove in the Wall of the cylinder recess.

It Will be seen that the construction shown in Figs. 17 to 23 isessentially the same in principle as that shown in Figs. 1 to 16 withthe exception that the cylinder does not move longitudinally, being heldin its unlocked position by means of the detent 84 and the recess 86rather than by the engagement of the offset 56 with the lug 25.

Figs. 24 to 34 show another alternative padlock incorporating theinvention, this lock being in many respects similar to those'shown inFigs. 1 to 16 and in Figs. 17 to 23. The upper portion of the padlock isor may be exactly the same as shown in Figs. 1 to' 16, and this portionhas therefore been omitted from Figs. 24 to 34. The casing 90 may besimilar in construction with the casing |0 already described, but thecountersink 92 is shallower, being similar to the countersink 64 shownin Fig. 18. The shackle 94 may-be identical in construction with theshackle 36 already described.

A cylinder 96 is provided which is in many respects similar to thecylinder 40- already described, but it is so formed that no endwisemovement thereof is permitted.4 The cylinder is sometimes hereinafterreferred to as a lock structure. The cylinder is held in place in thecasingv by means of a bendable lug 98 similar to the lug V26, this lugextending into a notch in the cylinder having a shoulder |00. Thisshoulder issimilar in function to the shoulder 46 but differs therefromin that it is not provided With any offset such as the olset 56. Thetumblers and the grooves in the cylinder opening for receiving them maybe identical with those already described and further description isunnecessary.

The cylinder 96 is substantially shorter than the cylinders 40 and 68and does not extend to the'full depth of the cylinder opening. In theinner end of the said cylinder opening is a rotatable bolt |02 carryingan outwardly projecting pin |04 which enters an arcuate notch |06 in theinner end of the cylinder 96. Thus rotative movement of the bolt islimited by the cylinder, but the bolt may be rotated by the cylinderwhen the cylinder is turned.

The locking leg of the shackle 94 is provided with a notch |08 similarto the notch 48 and when the bolt is in its locking position as shown inFigs. 24 to 30, a catch ||0 on the bolt enters the said notch to effectlocking.

The bolt |02 is provided with an interior recess |2 in which ispositioned a coil spring I4. One end of the spring engages the edge ofthe bolt opening and the other end of the spring extends around a lug |6on the casing similar to the lug I8. The spring is so tensioned that ittends to rotate the bolt |02 in the counterclock- Wise direction, and isalso so tensioned that it tends to move 4the bolt/inwardly toward theinner end of the bolt opening.

Carried by the casing and preferably formed integrally therewith is astud |8 which projects inwardly into theopening in which the bolt |02 ispositioned. The bolt has a recess |20 in its inner end adapted toreceive the stud ||8 and when the stud is entered in the recess rotativemovement of the bolt is prevented. The bolt is also provided with anarcuate groove |22 adjacent the recess-|20,4 this groove having aninclined face |24 at the end thereof next to the last said recess.

When the parts are in the unlocking positions as shown in Figs. 31vto34, the ystud ||8 is entered in the recess |20 and the bolt |02 is heldin the position shown, that is, in its extreme position of clockwisemovement. The cylinder 96 may be in its locking position as shown inFig. 24, in which case the pin |04 will be at the clockwise end of thenotch |06. Alternatively, the cylinder may be in its unlocking position,that is, moved 90 in the counterclockwise direction from the positionshown in Fig. 24, in which case the pin |04 will be at thecounterclockwise end of the notch |06. When rthe locking leg of theshackle 94 is moved inwardly from the position shown in Fig. 34, the endthereof engages a face |26 on the bolt |02. The said leg moves the bolt|02 outwardly or toward the left in opposition to the spring y||4 untilthe bolt is disengaged from the stud |8. Thereupon the bolt is rotatedby the spring ||4 in `the counterclockwise direction from theposition-shown in Fig. 33 to the position shown in Fig. 29. The bolt isat the same time returned inwardly, that is, toward the right, by thesaid spring so that the stud ||8 is entered in the arcuate groove |22.This rotative movement enters the catch ||0 on the bolt in the notch |08in the shackle to effect locking. If the bolt was in its unlockingposition it will have been moved to its locking position by the pin |04.If the bolt was already in its locking position it will have remained inthat position.

To eifect unlocking, a key is inserted in the key slot in the cylinderand the tumblers are aligned, the cylinder being turned by the key toits unlocking position in the clockwise direction from the lockingposition shown in Fig. 24. When the cylinder is so moved the bolt |02 issimilarly moved by reason of the engagement of the end of the notch |06with the pin |04, this being clear from an inspection of Fig. 24. Duringsuch movement the bolt is cammed outwardly by the engagement of theinclined face |24 with the stud ||8 and then the bolt is moved inwardlyso that the said stud is again entered in the recess |20. Thus the bolt|02 is again held in its unlocking position. As soon as the catch I onthe bolt is withdrawn from the notch |08 in the shackle the said shackleis moved outwardly by the shackle spring. The cylinder may be left inits unlocking position or it may be returned by the key to its lockingposition.

It will be seen that the construction shown in Figs. 24 to 34 is similarin principle to that shown in Figs. 1 to 16, differing, however, in thatthe cylinder has no longitudinal movement. It is only the separate bolt|02 that has both rotative and longitudinal movements.

Figs. 35 to 37 show an alternative padlock incorporating the invention,this lock being similar in principle to those heretofore described butdiffering in important respects. .This lock has a casing 28 providedwith a shackle opening o1' hole |30 for receiving the hinge leg of ashackle |32. The leg of the shackle is provided with an annular recessproviding an annular shoulder |34 and the casing is provided with abendable lug |36 similar to the lug I8. When the casing is rst formedthe lug |36 is in the position shown in Fig. 35, but after the shackleleg has been put in place the lug |36 is bent to the position shown inFigs. 36 and 37 to enter the recess in the shackle so as to beengageable with the shoulder |34 thereof. A conventional shackle spring|38 is provided which tends to move the shackle outward.

The casing |28 has a noncircular opening for receiving a lock structure.This lock structure comprises a body |40 which substantially ts theopening and the body |40 is provided with a hole in which is mounted arotatable cylinder |42. The cylinder |42 has a conventional keywaytherein and the body |40 and the cylinder |42 are provided withconventional pin tumblers |44 which may be of conventional construction.

The body |40 has at the side thereof a recess providing a shoulder |46and the casing |28 is provided with a bendable lug |48. When the casingis rst formed the lug |48 is in the position shown in Fig. 35 so thatthe lock structure can be freely inserted in its opening. Afterinsertion the lug |48 is bent to the position shown in Figs. 36 and 37to engage the shoulder |48 on the body |40. The lug |48 may bebent by asuitable tool, not shown, inserted through a hole |50 provided in thecasing |28 for receiving the locking leg of the shackle |32.

Mounted in the casing |28 for transverse movement is a slidable bolt|52biased by a spring |54 l into locking engagement with a notch |55 in thelocking leg of the shackle |32. `Th`e cylinder |42 f carries aneccentric stud |56 whichv projects into a slot in the bolt |52 and whenthe tumblers |44 x e the bendable lugneed not necessarily be formed'.

are aligned by the key the cylinder can be turned to move the bolt |52in opposition to the spring |54 and withdraw it from engagement with theshackle, thus effecting unlocking. After unlocking the cylinder isreturned to its locking position and the key is withdrawn. Relooking canbe effected by pushing the shackle inward, the bolt |52 being cammed inODDQSton to the spring |54 to permit the entry of the shackle. Then thespring |54 returns, the bolt to its locking position. Figs. 38 to 40show a drawer lock incorporating the invention. This lock has a casing|58 with an opening therein for receiving a rotatable cylinder |60. Thecylinder is provided with a convert'-l tional keyway and withconventional tumblers adapted to enter longitudinal grooves in the cas.-ing. The cylinder has recesses providing shoulders l|52 and the casingis provided with bendable lugs |64 which are initially straight in orderto permit lthe insertion of the cylinder. After the cylinder has beeninserted the lugs can 'be bent to the positions shown in Figs. 38 and 40by means of a tool, not shown, inserted from the rear. The lock isprovided with a slidable bolt |63 held in place by a back plate |66. Thecylinder is provided withan eccentric'stud |68 which entersasiot ne inAthe boit. By means of the studjand the slot the bolt is moved when thecylinderis turned.

"liigJ` 41 showsjaonstruction somewhat similar to that shown in Fis,"38to 40 and this lock has a casing |12l with an opening therein forrotatablecylinder |14. The cylinderand the casing are provided withpin'turvnblers of conventional construction.A The cylinder is providedwith an annular recess providing an rannular shoulder |16 andtlfejcasing is provided with bendable4 lugs |18 which .can be'bentinwardly as shown in Fig. 41.to engage the shoulder |18 on the cylinderafter the cylinder has,4 been put inplace. This lockk differs fromanv ofthe locks heretofore describedin that the bendable lugs for holding thevlock lstructure,are not enclosed within the interiorV of lthe, casing.Such enclosure, ,while desirable for other types of locks for thereasons that have been stated, is not important for the.' lock shown inFig.. 4l inasmuch as the' lockitself isenclosed when in use.

, Figs. 42 to .44 show another lock ,embodying the I.

ingy has a slot |84 providing a bendable lug y|86..`

When .the cylinder is iirst put in place the lug is in the positionshown in Figs. 42 and 43 and when the cylinder has been putin place asuitabletool, not shown, is inserted in the slot |84 to bend the-lug|86l to theposition shown in Fig. 44.. In this pcstipn the lue H36 caneneaeethe' shoulder |82- to prevent removal of the cylinder. Figs.45.119,47, show other locks embodying the` invention. These figuresillustrate the fact that as apart of the casing,V but may be formed as apart of the cylinderY or other lock structure within the casing.V vAsshown in Figs.. 45 and 46, there is a casing |81 having an `opening fora rotatable cylinder |88. At the outer end of the casing |81 is acountersinkv which receives an annular flange onthe'cylinder |88. Theflange on the cylinder limits inward movement of the cylinder. As shownin` Fig. 47, there is a casing |89 having anopenng fora rotatablecylinder |90. At the outer end of the casing |89 is an inwardlyextending annular flange which enters an annular notch in the cylinder|90. The ilange on the casing limits outward movementl of the cylinder.Each of the cylinders |88 and |90 is provided with a key slot and withconventional tumblers |92.

Each of the casings |81 and |89 is provided with an annular interiorgroove |94 which communicates with the cylinder opening. The inner endof each cylinder is provided with a slot |95 which forms a bendable lug|96. The lug |96 is initially in the position shown in Figs. 45 and 46,but after the cylinder has been put in place the lug |96 can be bentfrom the position shown in Figs. 45 and 46 to the position shown in Fig.47, in which position it is entered in the slot |94 to prevent removalof the cylinder. If the inner end of the lock is accessible, the lug |96may be bent by inserting a suitable tool, not shown, in the slot |95. Iffor any reason the rear end of the lock is not accessible, bending ofthe lug |96 may be effected by means of a tool |98 shaped to fit the keyslot in the cylinder. The end of the tool |98 is beveled so that whenthe tool is inserted it engages the lock as shown in Fig. 46 to bend itoutwardly to the position shown in Fig. 47. When the lug |96 is enteredin the annular groove |94 endwise movement of the cylinder is prevented.As shown in Fig. 46, the lug prevents outward movement, and, as 'shownin Fig. 47, the lug prevents inward movement.)

In each of the several embodiments of the invention, one of the lockelements has an opening and the other of the elements fits the openingand has a shouldered recess between its ends, which recess isimmediately adjacent the said opening and in most instances Within it.The other element has an integral lug, ordinarily an interior lug, whichcan be bent'into the recess of the rst element ,to prevent disassembly.

As already pointedout, the invention is particularly useful inconnection with a Ylock Ain which one or more of the elements` areformed by the die castingv method. The bendable lug can advantageouslyvbe formed by die casting and the invention makes it unnecessary toprovide any transverse holes for retaining pins or' screws, which holescould 'vnotconveniently or economically be formedby die casting. In eachembodiment of the invention except those shown in Figs. 45 to 47,the-bendable lugs areformed on the casing and itvwilltherefore beunderstood that the casing is preferably formed by die casting. In theconstructions shown in Figs. 45 to 47 the bendable lug is formed on therotatable cylinder and it will therefore-be understood that thisrotatable cylinder may be advantageously formed by die casting.

In each embodiment of the invention except those shown in Figs. 45 to47, the movable lock structure is engaged by an integral part of thecasing to prevent movement or disassembly in one direction, the bendablelug serving to prevent movement or disassembly in the oppositedirection. In the constructions shown in Figs. 45 to 47 the bendable lugprevents movement or' in and the other of which is a lock structureiitting the said opening, one of the said elements.- having a shouldered-recesslimmediately adjacent..

12 the opening and the other of the said elements having an interior lugwhich is adjacent the said recess and which is bent after initialassembly so as to project into the recess and engage the shoulderthereof to prevent disassembly of the said elements.

, 2. In a lock, the combination of two elements one of which is a casinghaving an opening therein and the other of which is a lock structureiitting the said opening, one of the said elements having a shoulderedrecess immediately adjacent the opening and the other of the saidelements having an interior integral lug which is adjacent the saidrecess and which is bent after initial assembly so as to project intothe recess and engage the shoulder thereof to prevent disassembly of thesaid elements.

3. In a lock, the combination of two elements one of which is a casinghaving an opening therein and the other of which is a lock structuretting the said opening, one of the said elements having a shoulderedrecess immediately adjacent the opening and the other of the saidelements being a die casting having an interior integral lug which isadjacent the said recess and which is bent after initial assembly so asto project into the recess and engage the shoulder thereof to preventdisassembly of the said elements.

4. In a lock, the combination of a lock structure having a shoulderedrecess in one side thereof, and a unitary one-piece casing having anopening in which the lock structure fits, the said casing having anintegral lug between the ends of the opening therein which isimmediately adjacent the said casing opening and which is bent afterinitial assembly so as to project into the recess in the lock structureto prevent disassembly.

5. In a lock, the combination of a lock structure having a shoulderedrecess in one side thereof, and a unitary one-piece casing having anopening in which the lock structure fits, the said casing having aninterior integral lug which is adjacent the casing opening and which isbent after initial assembly so as to project into the recess in the lockstructure to prevent disassembly and the said casing having a holetherein additional to the said opening and adapted for the admission ofa tool for bending the lug.

6. In a lock, the combination of two relatively rotatable elements oneof which is a casing having a cylindrical opening and the other of whichis a cylindrical lock structure rotatable in the opening, one of thesaid elements having a circumferentially extending shouldered recessbetween its ends and the other of the said elements having an integrallug between its ends and immediately adjacent the recess which lug isbent after assembly to project into the said recess and engage theshoulder thereof to prevent disassembly of the said elements whilepermitting relative rotative movement.

7.4 In a lock, the combination of two relatively rotatable elements oneof which is a casing having a cylindrical opening and the other of whichis a cylindrical lock structure rotatable in the opening, one of thesaid elements having a circumferentially extending shouldered recessbetween its ends and the other of the said elements being a unitaryone-piece die casting having an integral lug between its end andimmediately adjacent the recess which lug is bent after assemblyY toproject into the said recess and engage the shoulder thereof to preventdisassembly of the said elements while permitting relative rotative'movement.

shouldered recess between its ends and theother of the said elementshaving an integral lug between its ends and immediately adjacent therecess which lug is bent after assembly to project into the said recessand engage the shoulder thereof to prevent disassembly of the saidelements while permitting relative rotative movement.

9. In a padlock, the combination of a U-shaped shackle having ashouldered annular recess in the hinge leg thereof, and a unitaryone-piece casing having a hole in which the said hinge leg of theshackle is entered, the said casing having an integral lug which isadjacent the said hole and which is bent after initial assembly so as toproject into the recess in the hinge leg of the shackle to preventremoval of the shackle.

10. In a padlock, the combination of a U- shaped shackle having ashouldered annular recess in the hinge leg thereof, a lock structureprovided with a key slot and with tumblers for effecting locking, acasing having a hole in which the said hinge leg of the shackle isentered and also having an opening in which the lock structure ts, andan integral lug on the casing which is adjacent the shackle hole andwhich is accessib le through the opening for the lock structure, thesaid lug being bent after entry of the shackle leg inthe shackle hole soas to project into the recess in the said shackle leg to prevent removalof the shackle. f l

l1. In a padlock, the combination of a U- shaped shackle, a lockstructure provided with a key slot and with tumblers for effectinglocking and having a shouldered recess in one side thereof, a unitaryone-piece casing having holes for receiving the legs of the shackle andhaving an opening in which the lock structure ts, and an integral lug onthe casing Which is adjacent the lock structure opening and is bentafter assembly of the lock structure with the casing so as to projectinto the recess in the lock structure to prevent disassembly.

12. In a padlock, the combination of a U- shaped shackle, a lockstructure provided with a key slot and with tumblers for effectinglocking and having a shouldered recess in one side thereof, a unitaryone-piece casing having holes for receiving the legs of the shackle andhaving an opening in which the lock structure ts, and an integral lug nthe casing which is adjacent the lock structure opening and isaccessible through one of the shackle receiving holes, the said lugbeing bent after assembly of the lock structure with the casing so as toproject into the recess in the lock structure to prevent disassembly.

13. In a padlock, the combination of a U- shaped shackle having ashouldered annular recess in the hinge leg thereof, a lock structureprovided with a key slot and with tumblers for effecting locking andhaving a shouldered recess in one said thereof, a casing having holesfor receiving the legs ofthe shackle and having an opening in which thelock structure fits, an integral lug on the casing which is adjacent thehole for the hinge leg of the shackle and which is accessible throughthe opening for the lock structure, the said lug being bent after entryof the shackle leg in the shackle hole so as to project into the recessin the said shackle leg to prevent removal of the shackle, and anintegral lug on the casing which is adjacent the lock structure openingand is accessible through the hole for receiving the locking leg of theshackle, the said lug being bent after assembly of the lock structure inthe casing so as to project into the recess in the lock structure toprevent disassembly.

14. In a padlock, the combination of a U- shaped shackle, a cylinderprovided with a key slot and with tumblers for eecting locking andhaving a circumferentially extending shouldered recess in one sidethereof, a casing having holes for receiving the legs of the shackle andhaving an opening in which the cylinder ts and is rotatable, and anintegral lug on the casing which is adjacent the cylinder opening and isbent after assembly of the cylinder with the casing so as to projectinto the recess in the cylinder to prevent disassembly while permittingrotati've movement of the cylinder.

15. In a padlock, the combination of a U- shaped shackle having ashouldered recess in the hinge leg thereof, a cylinder provided with akey slot and with tumblers for effecting locking and having a shoulderedrecess in one side thereof, a casing having holes for receiving the legsof the shackle and having anv opening in which the cylinder lits and isrotatable, an integral lug on the casing which is adjacent the hole forthe hinge leg of the shackle and which is accessible through the openingfor the cylinder, the said lug being bent after entry of the shackle legin the shackle hole so as to project into the recess in the said shackleleg to hold the shackle in place, and an integral lug on the casingwhich is adjacent the cylinder opening, the said lug being accessiblethrough the hole for receiving the locking leg of the shackle and thesaid lug being bent after assembly of the cylinder in the casing so asto project into the recess in the cylinder to prevent disassembly whilepermitting rotative movement of the cylinder.

16. In a, padlock, the combination of a U-shaped shackle, a cylinderhaving a key slot and having tumblers for effecting locking and having arecess in one side thereof providing a circumferentially extendingshoulder with an inclined` offset therein, a casing having holes forreceiving the legs of the shackle and having an opening in which thecylinder iits and is movable rotative- 1y and longitudinally, anintegral lug on the casing which is adjacent the cylinder opening, thesaid lug being bent after assembly of the cylinder with the casing so asto engage the shoulder on tht cylinder to prevent disassembly whilepermitting rotative movement of the cylinder and the said lug engagingthe shoulder offset when the cylinder is in unlocking position, a catchon the cylinder engageable with the locking leg of the shackle when thecylinder is in locking position, spring means for biasing the cylinderfrom its unlocking position to its locking position and for also biasingthe cylinder longitudinally to hold the shoulder thereof against thelug, rotative movement of the cylinder by the spring means beingprevented by the shoulder offset while the lug remains in engagementtherewith, and an inclined surface on the cylinder engageable by thelocking leg of the shackle when moved into locking position, the saidsurface serving to rotate the cylinder in the locking directionsufliciently to disengage the shoulder offset from the lug and the saidcylinder' then being additionally turned by.

the spring means in the locking direction to engage the catch thereonwith the locking leg of the shackle.

17. In a padlock, the combination of a U-shaped shackle, a cylinderhaving a key slot and having tumblers for effecting locking and havinga. recess in one side thereof providing a circumferentially extendingshoulder, a casing having holes for receiving the legs of the shackleand having an opening in which the cylinder ts and is rotatable, anintegral lug on the casing which is adjacent the cylinder opening and isbent after assem-k bly of the cylinder with the casing so as to engagethe shoulder on the cylinder to prevent dis- :assembly while permittingrotative movement of the cylinder, a catch on the cylinder engageablewith the locking leg of the shackle When the cylinder is in lockingposition, a spring for biasing vthe cylinder from its unlocking positionto its locking position, a spring detent for releasably holding thecylinder in its unlocking position in opposition to the bias or" thespring, and an in- Iclined surface on the cylinder engageable by thelocking leg of the shackle to rotate the cylinder in the lockingdirection suiciently to disengage the spring detent, the said cylinderthen being additionally turned by the spring in the locking direction toengage the catch thereon with the locking leg of the shackle.

18. In a padlock, the combination of a U-shaped shackle, a cylinderhaving a key slot and having tuniblers for eiecting locking and having arecess in one side thereo providing a circumferentially extendingshoulder, a casing having holes for receivingV the legs of the shackleand having an opening in Which the cylinder ts and is rotatable, anintegral lug on the casing which is adjacent the cylinder opening and isbent after assembly of the cylinder with tfi casing s'o as to engagetheshoulder on the cylinder to prevent disassembly while permittingrotative movement of the cylinder, a bolt in the cylinder openingmovable rotatively and longitudinally, a catch on the bolt engageablewith the locking leg of the shackle when the-bolt is in lockingposition, means for holding the bolt in locking position when thecylinder is ini locking position, spring means for biasing the blt fromits unlocking position to its locking position'and for also biasing thebolt longitudinally independently of the cylinder, interengaging meanson the bolt and on the casing for holding the bolt in its unlockingposition in opposition t0 the rotative bias of the spring means when thebolt is held by the spring means in one extreme longitudinal position,and a surface 0n the bolt engageable by the locking leg of the shackleto move the bolt longitudinally suciently to disengage the saidinterengaging means, the said bolt then being additionally turned by thespring means in the locking direction to engage the catch thereon withthe locking leg of the shackle.

GUNNAR E. SWANSON.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 402,627 Smith May 7, 18891.419,359 Christoph June 13, 1922 1,965,940 Jacobi July 10, 19341,983,747 Gahagan Dec. 1l, 1934 1,986,302 Stone Jan. 1, 1935 1,993,408Ledin Mar. 5, 1935 2,282,983 Lach May l2, 1942 2,352,190 Foote et alJune 27, 1944 Certificate of Correction Patent No. 2,527,086 October 24,l1950 GUNNAR E. SWANSON It is hereby certified that error appears in theprinted specification of the above numbered patent requiring correctionas follows:

Column 2, line 8, Jfor the Word new read fvz'ew; column 4, line 52, forentering read entered; column 13, line 70, for said read side;

and that the said Letters Patent should be read as corrected above, sothat the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Oice.Signed and sealed this 2nd day of January, A. D. 1951.

[SEAL] THOMAS F. MURPHY,

Assistant Commissioner of Patents.

